Fracture and Structural Integrity e-ISSN 1971-8993 Open access
SI: Failure Analysis of Materials and Structures Vol. 16, No. 61 (2022)

Detection of Uniaxial Fatigue Stress under Magnetic Flux Leakage Signals using Morlet Wavelet

Author and affiliation details
  • Syed Muhamad Firdaus Corresponding author Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia syedmuhdfirdaus96@gmail.com
  • Azli Arifin Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Shahrum Abdullah Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Salvinder Singh Karam Singh Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Noorsuhada Md Nor Civill Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
DOI
10.3221/IGF-ESIS.61.17
Pages
254-265
Published
Licence
CC BY 4.0
Published inVol. 16, No. 61 (2022)Go to the issue

Abstract

This paper demonstrates the application of continuous wavelet transform technique for magnetic flux leakage signal generated during a uniaxial fatigue test. This is a consideration as the magnetic signal is weak and susceptible to being influenced by an external magnetic field. The magnetic flux leakage signal response of API steel grade X65 is determined using Metal Magnetic Memory under cyclic load conditions ranging from 50% to 85% of the UTS. To facilitate further signal analysis, the magnetic flux gradient, the dH(y)/dx signal were converted from a length base into time series in this study. Magnetic flux leakage readings indicated a maximum UTS load of 56.5 (A/m)/mm at 85%, where a higher load resulted in a higher reading and the signal contained Morlet wavelet coefficient energy of 1.02×106 µe2/Hz. As increasing percentages of UTS loads were applied, the signal analysis revealed an increasing linear trend in the dH(y)/dx and wavelet coefficient energy. The analysis revealed a strong correlation between the wavelet coefficient energy and the dH(y)/dx amplitude, as indicated by the coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.8572. Hence, this technique can provide critical information about magnetic flux leakage signals that can be used to detect high stress concentration zones.

Keywords

Article history

  1. ReceivedUntil the next stage: 43 days
  2. Revision requestedUntil the next stage: 30 days
  3. RevisedUntil the next stage: 1 day
  4. AcceptedUntil the next stage: 50 days
  5. Published

How to cite

APA

Firdaus, S. M., Arifin, A., Abdullah, S., Karam Singh, S. S., & Md Nor, N. (2022). Detection of Uniaxial Fatigue Stress under Magnetic Flux Leakage Signals using Morlet Wavelet. Fracture and Structural Integrity, 16(61), 254–265. https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.61.17

IEEE

S. M. Firdaus, A. Arifin, S. Abdullah, S. S. Karam Singh, and N. Md Nor, “Detection of Uniaxial Fatigue Stress under Magnetic Flux Leakage Signals using Morlet Wavelet,” Fracture and Structural Integrity, vol. 16, no. 61, pp. 254–265, 2022, doi: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.61.17.

MLA

Firdaus, Syed Muhamad, et al. “Detection of Uniaxial Fatigue Stress under Magnetic Flux Leakage Signals using Morlet Wavelet.” Fracture and Structural Integrity, vol. 16, no. 61, 2022, pp. 254–265. https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.61.17.

Chicago

Firdaus, Syed Muhamad, Azli Arifin, Shahrum Abdullah, Salvinder Singh Karam Singh, and Noorsuhada Md Nor. 2022. “Detection of Uniaxial Fatigue Stress under Magnetic Flux Leakage Signals using Morlet Wavelet.” Fracture and Structural Integrity 16 (61): 254–265. https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.61.17.

Harvard

Firdaus, S.M., Arifin, A., Abdullah, S., Karam Singh, S.S. and Md Nor, N. (2022) ‘Detection of Uniaxial Fatigue Stress under Magnetic Flux Leakage Signals using Morlet Wavelet’, Fracture and Structural Integrity, 16(61), pp. 254–265. doi: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.61.17.

Vancouver

Firdaus SM, Arifin A, Abdullah S, Karam Singh SS, Md Nor N. Detection of Uniaxial Fatigue Stress under Magnetic Flux Leakage Signals using Morlet Wavelet. Fracture and Structural Integrity. 2022;16(61):254-265. doi:10.3221/IGF-ESIS.61.17

BibTeX

@article{firdaus2022, author = {Firdaus, Syed Muhamad and Arifin, Azli and Abdullah, Shahrum and Karam Singh, Salvinder Singh and Md Nor, Noorsuhada}, title = {Detection of Uniaxial Fatigue Stress under Magnetic Flux Leakage Signals using Morlet Wavelet}, journal = {Fracture and Structural Integrity}, year = {2022}, volume = {16}, number = {61}, pages = {254--265}, doi = {10.3221/IGF-ESIS.61.17}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.61.17}, issn = {1971-8993} }

RIS

TY - JOUR AU - Firdaus, Syed Muhamad AU - Arifin, Azli AU - Abdullah, Shahrum AU - Karam Singh, Salvinder Singh AU - Md Nor, Noorsuhada TI - Detection of Uniaxial Fatigue Stress under Magnetic Flux Leakage Signals using Morlet Wavelet JO - Fracture and Structural Integrity T2 - Fracture and Structural Integrity PY - 2022 DA - 2022/06/19 VL - 16 IS - 61 SP - 254 EP - 265 DO - 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.61.17 UR - https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.61.17 SN - 1971-8993 ER -

Licence

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

May be shared and adapted, provided appropriate credit is given. Copyright © 2022 Syed Muhamad Firdaus, Azli Arifin, Shahrum Abdullah, Salvinder Singh Karam Singh, Noorsuhada Md Nor.

Copyright 
Authors are allowed to retain both the copyright and the publishing rights of their articles without restrictions.  

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