Fracture and Structural Integrity e-ISSN 1971-8993 Open access
Fatigue and Fracture of non metallic materials Vol. 20, No. 75 (2026)

Realization of introducing non-woven veil on interlaminar radial strength of Glass Epoxy L-Bend composites

Author and affiliation details
  • Shivakumar Gouda Corresponding author Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bengaluru - 560078 Karnataka, India. ursshivu@gmail.com
  • Vinayak S. Uppin Research Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SDM College of Engineering & Technology, Dharwad, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. ORCID iD0000-0001-9093-2757
  • I. Sridhar Research Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SDM College of Engineering & Technology, Dharwad, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. ORCID iD0000-0001-8970-1599
  • G. Hatti Department of Mechanical Engineering, KLS Vishwanathrao Deshpande Institute of Technology, Haliyal, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. ORCID iD0000-0003-1712-4264
  • M. A. Umarfarooq Center for Material Science, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 021, India; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 021, India
  • A. Muddebihal Research Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, SDM College of Engineering & Technology, Dharwad, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Angadi Institute of Technology & Management, Belagavi, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.
  • K. N. Bharath G.M. Institute of Technology, Davangere, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. ORCID iD0000-0003-1004-099X
  • A. Edacherian Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
DOI
10.3221/IGF-ESIS.75.07
Pages
76-87
Published
Licence
CC BY 4.0
Published inVol. 20, No. 75 (2026)Go to the issue

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of interleaving non-woven veils and their surface areal density on the curved beam strength (CBS) and interlaminar radial stress (ILRS) of glass/epoxy L-bend composite laminates. Carbon veils with areal densities of 15, 20, and 30 g/m2 , and glass veils with 25 and 30 g/m2 were used as interleaving materials. The L-bend laminates, both interleaved and non-interleaved, were fabricated using the compression moulding technique. A four-point bending test was employed to evaluate the influence of veil interleaving and areal density on CBS and ILRS. The experimental results demonstrated that interleaving with carbon and glass non-woven veils significantly affects the performance of curved laminates. Notably, the CBS of the glass/epoxy laminate improved by 88% and 17% for specimens interleaved with 15 g/m2 carbon and 30 g/m2 glass veils, respectively. Furthermore, the ILRS of carbon veil-interleaved laminates showed a strong dependence on the veil’s areal density. In contrast, interleaving with glass veils did not exhibit a significant effect on ILRS. Finally, the fracture surfaces of the tested laminates were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to identify the various failure modes in the curved region and to understand the underlying fracture mechanisms.

Keywords

Article history

  1. ReceivedUntil the next stage: 32 days
  2. Revision requestedUntil the next stage: 7 days
  3. RevisedUntil the next stage: 0 days
  4. AcceptedUntil the next stage: 16 days
  5. Published

How to cite

APA

Gouda, S., Uppin, V. S., Sridhar, I., Hatti, G., Umarfarooq, M. A., Muddebihal, A., Bharath, K. N., & Edacherian, A. (2025). Realization of introducing non-woven veil on interlaminar radial strength of Glass Epoxy L-Bend composites. Fracture and Structural Integrity, 20(75), 76–87. https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.75.07

IEEE

S. Gouda et al., “Realization of introducing non-woven veil on interlaminar radial strength of Glass Epoxy L-Bend composites,” Fracture and Structural Integrity, vol. 20, no. 75, pp. 76–87, 2025, doi: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.75.07.

MLA

Gouda, Shivakumar, et al. “Realization of introducing non-woven veil on interlaminar radial strength of Glass Epoxy L-Bend composites.” Fracture and Structural Integrity, vol. 20, no. 75, 2025, pp. 76–87. https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.75.07.

Chicago

Gouda, Shivakumar, Vinayak S. Uppin, I. Sridhar, G. Hatti, M. A. Umarfarooq, A. Muddebihal, K. N. Bharath, and A. Edacherian. 2025. “Realization of introducing non-woven veil on interlaminar radial strength of Glass Epoxy L-Bend composites.” Fracture and Structural Integrity 20 (75): 76–87. https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.75.07.

Harvard

Gouda, S., Uppin, V.S., Sridhar, I., Hatti, G., Umarfarooq, M.A., Muddebihal, A., Bharath, K.N. and Edacherian, A. (2025) ‘Realization of introducing non-woven veil on interlaminar radial strength of Glass Epoxy L-Bend composites’, Fracture and Structural Integrity, 20(75), pp. 76–87. doi: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.75.07.

Vancouver

Gouda S, Uppin VS, Sridhar I, Hatti G, Umarfarooq MA, Muddebihal A, et al. Realization of introducing non-woven veil on interlaminar radial strength of Glass Epoxy L-Bend composites. Fracture and Structural Integrity. 2025;20(75):76-87. doi:10.3221/IGF-ESIS.75.07

BibTeX

@article{gouda2025, author = {Gouda, Shivakumar and Uppin, Vinayak S. and Sridhar, I. and Hatti, G. and Umarfarooq, M. A. and Muddebihal, A. and Bharath, K. N. and Edacherian, A.}, title = {Realization of introducing non-woven veil on interlaminar radial strength of Glass Epoxy L-Bend composites}, journal = {Fracture and Structural Integrity}, year = {2025}, volume = {20}, number = {75}, pages = {76--87}, doi = {10.3221/IGF-ESIS.75.07}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.75.07}, issn = {1971-8993} }

RIS

TY - JOUR AU - Gouda, Shivakumar AU - Uppin, Vinayak S. AU - Sridhar, I. AU - Hatti, G. AU - Umarfarooq, M. A. AU - Muddebihal, A. AU - Bharath, K. N. AU - Edacherian, A. TI - Realization of introducing non-woven veil on interlaminar radial strength of Glass Epoxy L-Bend composites JO - Fracture and Structural Integrity T2 - Fracture and Structural Integrity PY - 2025 DA - 2025/10/16 VL - 20 IS - 75 SP - 76 EP - 87 DO - 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.75.07 UR - https://doi.org/10.3221/IGF-ESIS.75.07 SN - 1971-8993 ER -

Licence

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

May be shared and adapted, provided appropriate credit is given. Copyright © 2025 Shivakumar Gouda, Vinayak S. Uppin, I. Sridhar, G. Hatti, M. A. Umarfarooq, A. Muddebihal, K. N. Bharath, A. Edacherian.

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